Edgar Allen Poe, the debate of death causes
Jordan Gotchy
Edgar Allen Poe died in his forties in October of 1849 at the hospital of Washington Medical College in Baltimore. That is fact—he did not die in a gutter as some stories are told. Where is given, how is the question that people are unsure of the answer. One theory suggests that he died from drunkenness or mania à potu, an alcoholic state in which the victim behaves with severe abnormality. Another suggests that he died from encephalitic rabies, an inflammation of the brain. All evidence seems to be unclear, muffled, or possibly even changed.
On September 27, E. A. Poe left Richmond headed to Baltimore, planning to go to New York City after. Elmira Shelton, whom was his recent fiancée, claims that when he left, Poe had had a fever. When he reached Baltimore, he spent about a week with his whereabouts unknown by anyone other than him. On October 3, Poe was found outside a tavern in an “alcoholic stupor” [Nevermore to Drink, NY Times, Sep. 23, 1996]. It is no doubt that Poe was a drunkard or experiencing alcoholism during this time. Friends confirm that he did have an alcohol problem.
After being found outside the tavern, he was taken to the hospital. Only a few short days later did he cry out in anguish, “Lord help my poor soul!” and die. Dr. John J. Moran was Poe’s doctor during his short time at the hospital. At the time of death, Moran reported that he died of encephalitis. Later studies suggest that this was caused by rabies.
However, there was no scratch or bite to be found. Studies show that only 24 percent of rabies cases is there a bite, scratch, or memory thereof due to the time it can take for rabies symptoms to appear, which can be up to a year. It’s a good possibility of explanation, but the lack of evidence shuns the idea.
Let us take into consideration both ideas. Poe left Richmond sick and his whereabouts were unknown for a week after he arrived at Baltimore. During his time at the hospital, he experienced sever delirium, irrationalism, and many hallucinations. Because of his state of mind, he could be no help to his doctors as he could be telling truth or lie. So it’s possible that both theories are correct, leading to my final explanation of his death:
Poe was bitten or scratched by some animal a year or so before his journey from Richmond to Baltimore, and he became infected. He started to show symptoms just before leaving for Baltimore. When he arrived, he felt terribly ill and knew of his near death and started to drink until he was found in front of the tavern. He was admitted to the hospital drunk, and while there, his delirium prevented him from telling his story. He died a few short days later from encephalitic rabies and alcohol poisoning.
There is much evidence supporting both sides. There is no need for debates or meddlesome tampering of the story. Neither side of the story is right or wrong; it is just a significant American writer’s death, nothing more, and nothing less.